{"id":4669,"date":"2021-06-18T13:18:42","date_gmt":"2021-06-18T13:18:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/?p=4669"},"modified":"2021-06-18T13:18:42","modified_gmt":"2021-06-18T13:18:42","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/?p=4669","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627: \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0648\u062b. \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong> <strong>CASE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220;<\/strong> <strong>THE ROLE OF RUSSIA IN THE MIDDLE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>EAST AND NORTH AFRICA REGION.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>STRATEGY OR OPPORTUNISM?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 88 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.econostrum.info\/The-role-of-Russia-in-the-middle-east-and-north-Africa-region_a518.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/en.econostrum.info\/The-role-of-Russia-in-the-middle-east-and-north-Africa-region_a518.html<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627<a href=\"#_edn1\" name=\"_ednref1\">[1]<\/a> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a (Kozhanov, 2014). \u062f\u0641\u0639\u064e \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 -\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a) &#8211;\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Buckley, 2012). \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 (Dannreuther 2015)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u064e\u062a &#8220;\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0650\u0636\u0629 (Martin, 2013). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b (Kozhanov, 2018).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648). \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Connolly &amp; Sendstad, 2017). \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0642\u0651 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0641\u062f\u0627\u064b 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https:\/\/asbarme.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631-\u0641\u064a-\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627-1536x697.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1540px) 100vw, 1540px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a (CBR).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (SWFs) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 3 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<a href=\"#_edn5\" name=\"_ednref5\">[5]<\/a> \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a &#8220;\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631&#8221; (RDIF) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a: \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644 Nakhle 2018\u060c \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064e \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0647\u0651\u064e\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 2014. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0647\u0627 (\u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646) \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0645 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 500 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627).<\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u062c\u0651\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a RDIF \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 (Shumilin &amp; Shumilina \u00a02017). \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 Von Soest 2015)) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 (Togan, 2015). \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 (Eibl &amp; Malik, 2016). \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629) \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f (Freund &amp; Portugal-Perez, 2012).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f 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\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A<\/strong><strong>UGIER<\/strong><strong>, P., C<\/strong><strong>ADOT<\/strong><strong>, O., G<\/strong><strong>OURDON<\/strong><strong>, J., &amp; M<\/strong><strong>ALOUCHE<\/strong><strong>, M. <\/strong>(2012). <em>Non-tariff measures in the<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>MENA region: Improving governance for competitiveness. <\/em>World Bank Middle East<\/p>\n<p>and North Africa Working Paper Series, No. 56. 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Deconstructing the \u201cenergy weapon\u201d: Russia\u2019s threat to Europe as case<\/p>\n<p>study. <em>Energy Policy, 39<\/em>(10), 6505-6513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.enpol.2011.07.051<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref1\" name=\"_edn1\">[1]<\/a> In this chapter, we will hew closely to but not precisely overlap the World Bank\u2019s definition of MENA, encompassing Algeria,<\/p>\n<p>Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, the United<\/p>\n<p>Arab Emirates, Yemen, and the territories of West Bank and Gaza. Turkey is also included in this grouping but will be treated<\/p>\n<p>separately below. Finally, unlike the World Bank, we will not consider Djibouti or Malta as part of the greater MENA region.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref2\" name=\"_edn2\">[2]<\/a> OPEC web site: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.opec.org\/opec_web\/en\/data_graphs\/330.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.opec.org\/opec_web\/en\/data_graphs\/330.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref3\" name=\"_edn3\">[3]<\/a> \u201cMaterial scale\u201d, as used by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), refers to a metric used to compare the<\/p>\n<p>amount and types of weapons sold as distinguished from the mere monetary value of the transaction.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref4\" name=\"_edn4\">[4]<\/a> Based on data from the SIPRI arms transfer database<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ednref5\" name=\"_edn5\">[5]<\/a> Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute, \u201cSovereign Wealth Fund Rankings\u201d, 2018, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swfinstitute.org\/sovereign-wealth-fundrankings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.swfinstitute.org\/sovereign-wealth-fundrankings\/<\/a>, \u00a0accessed 1 August 2018.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong><strong>\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0648\u062b. \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 CASE \u00a0 \u00a0\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 &#8220; THE ROLE OF RUSSIA IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA REGION. STRATEGY OR OPPORTUNISM? \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 88 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: https:\/\/en.econostrum.info\/The-role-of-Russia-in-the-middle-east-and-north-Africa-region_a518.html [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":4673,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-24"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4669\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4673"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4669"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asbarme.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}